Details of CH4214 (Spring 2026)
| Level: 4 | Type: Theory | Credits: 4.0 |
| Course Code | Course Name | Instructor(s) |
|---|---|---|
| CH4214 | Heterocyclic Chemistry and Natural Products | Alakesh Bisai, Sanjio S. Zade |
| Preamble |
|---|
| The heterocyclic compounds have gained a lot of attention because of their numerous
significant medical and biological uses. Research interest on heterocyclic compounds is rapidly increasing due to the extensive synthetic study and functional utility.On the other hand, natural products and their analogues contribute to drug discovery and other societal relevance. Natural productsare the chemical ingredients synthesized by living organisms via semisynthetic or synthetic methods. They are being utilized by human beings as a primary source for food, shelter, and curative remedies. Their importance is based on the fact that they are mostly bound to renewable sources, which in fact makes them valuable within a circular economy. By completing this course students will understand the importance of the heterocycles and natural products in biological systems and their synthetic approaches. |
| Syllabus |
|---|
| Part A: Heterocyclic Chemistry:
Importance of Heterocyclic compounds: Biological Systems and Drug Discovery (2 Lectures) Three to Six-membered Heterocycles: Aziridine, Oxiranes, Thiiranes, Azirines, oxirane, diazirine, oxaziridine, Azetidine, Azetines, Oxetanes, Thietanes, Azetidinones, Oxetanones, Pyrrole, Furan, Thiophenes, Pyrazole, imidazole, thiazole, Oxazole, Pyridines, Pyrylium salts, L- proline, L-pipecolinic acid (5 Lectures) Bicyclic and Tricyclic Heterocycles: Indole, indolizines, Dibenzopyrroles, Benzfuran, Benzthiophenes, Quinolines, isoquinolines, Acridines, Phenanthridines and related heterocycles (4 Lectures) Heterocycles in Biological Systems: Purine and Pyrimidines, Nucleosides, Nucleotides, Pteridines, Folic Acid (Vitamin B9) and related heterocycles (4 Lectures) Heterocycles in Drug Discovery: Hydroxychloroquine, Darunavir, Ebselen, Ciprofloxacin, Azithromycin, Levoleucovorin, Methotrexate and related drugs (4 Lectures) Part B: Natural Products: History and Purpose of Synthesis, Milestones in Organic Synthesis, Natural Products and hybrids that Changed the World (4 Lectures) Pharmaceutical Applications of Natural products; Vitamin E, Vitamin K etc. anti-cancer drug Methotrexate, and Taxol (2 Lectures) Importance of Fatty Acid, Terpenes, Steroids, Polyketides and their synthesis, Prostaglandins, Phenolics, Anthraquinones (3 Lectures) Importance and synthetic strategies to Aromatic a-Amino Acids, Lignans, Coumarins, Flavonoids and Antibiotics (5 Lectures) Alkaloids: piperidines, indolizidines, quinolizidines, carbazoles, toxins (nicotine, lupinines, strychnine etc.), drugs (cocaine, opiates, quinine, vincristine etc.) (5 Lectures) |
| References |
|---|
| Suggested Books:
(1) Heterocyclic chemistry - J.A. Joule, K. Mills & G.F. Smith. (2) Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry - A. R. Katritzky and C. W. Rees 69 (3) Heterocyclic Chemistry - T. L. Gilchrist. (4) The Essence of Heterocyclic Chemistry, New Age International Publications, 2013. (5) Heterocycles in Natural Product Synthesis by K. C. Majumder and Shital K. Chattopadhyay (6) Molecules that Changed the World by K. C. Nicolaou and Tamsyn Montagnon (WILEY-VCH) (7) The Way of Synthesis by Thomas Hudlicky and Josephine W. Reed (WILEY-VCH) (8) Protecting Group Free Organic Synthesis: Improving Economy and Efficiency by Rodney A. Fernandes (WILEY-VCH) (9) Classics in Total Synthesis: Targets, Strategies, Methods by K. C. Nicolaou and E. J. Sorensen (WILEY-VCH) (10) Classics in Total Synthesis II: More Targets, Strategies, Methods by K. C. Nicolaou and S. A. Snyder (WILEY-VCH) (11) Classics in Total Synthesis III: Further Targets, Strategies, Methods by Jason S. Chen and K. C. Nicolaou (WILEY-VCH) |
Course Credit Options
| Sl. No. | Programme | Semester No | Course Choice |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | IP | 2 | Not Allowed |
| 2 | IP | 4 | Not Allowed |
| 3 | MP | 2 | Not Allowed |
| 4 | MP | 4 | Elective |
| 5 | MR | 2 | Not Allowed |
| 6 | MR | 4 | Not Allowed |
| 7 | MS | 10 | Not Allowed |
| 8 | MS | 4 | Not Allowed |
| 9 | MS | 6 | Not Allowed |
| 10 | MS | 8 | Elective |
| 11 | RS | 1 | Elective |
| 12 | RS | 2 | Elective |